Prescott to Queen Creek Shuttle
Explore other routes: Prescott to Anthem Shuttle, Prescott to Apache Junction Shuttle, Prescott to Avondale Shuttle, Prescott to Buckeye Shuttle.
Travelers moving between the high desert of Prescott and the expanding suburbs of Queen Creek cover roughly 101 miles as the crow flies, with the road stretching a few miles longer along Interstate 17 and State Route 69. The journey typically takes between 138 and 189 minutes door‑to‑door, depending on traffic through the Cordes Junction area and the climb out of the Verde Valley. Our drivers follow the I‑17 corridor north to the SR‑69 interchange at Cordes Junction, then continue east through the historic mining town of Mayer before descending into the Salt River Valley where Queen Creek sits along Power Road and the San Tan Mountain Regional Park.
Pick‑up points in Prescott include the downtown courthouse square, the Prescott Valley shopping district, and the Prescott Municipal Airport terminal for passengers arriving on regional flights. In Queen Creek we serve the residential neighborhoods around Ellsworth Road, the Queen Creek Marketplace, and the Phoenix‑Mesa Gateway Airport terminal for travelers connecting to low‑cost carriers. For those heading to Phoenix Sky Harbor, the shuttle can drop you at Terminal 3 or Terminal 4, where most major airlines operate.
How long does the trip usually take?
Expect a door‑to‑door ride of roughly two and a half to three hours, with the exact time varying by rush‑hour congestion on I‑17 and weather conditions on the SR‑69 segment.
What happens if my flight is delayed?
We monitor incoming flight status in real time and adjust the scheduled pickup accordingly, so you won’t be left waiting at the curb.
Can I bring oversized luggage or sports equipment?
Standard luggage fits easily in the vehicle’s cargo area; for larger items such as bikes or golf bags, let us know when you book so we can allocate the appropriate space.
Ready to reserve your seat? Call us at(480) 710-3441 or book online and apply promo code ONLINE for 10% off round‑trip reservations.
Paragraph 1: "Travelers moving between the high desert of Prescott and the expanding suburbs of Queen Creek cover roughly 101 miles as the crow flies, with the road stretching a few miles longer along Interstate 17 and State Route 69. The journey typically takes between 138 and 189 minutes door‑to‑door, depending on traffic through the Cordes Junction area and the climb out of the Verde Valley. Our drivers follow the I‑17 corridor north to the SR‑69 interchange at Cordes Junction, then continue east through the historic mining town of Mayer before descending into the Salt River Valley where Queen Creek sits along Power Road and the San Tan Mountain Regional Park." That's about 80 words. Paragraph 2: "Pick‑up points in Prescott include the downtown courthouse square, the Prescott Valley shopping district, and the Prescott Municipal Airport terminal for passengers arriving on regional flights. In Queen Creek we serve the residential neighborhoods around Ellsworth Road, the Queen Creek Marketplace, and the Phoenix‑Mesa Gateway Airport terminal for travelers connecting to low‑cost carriers. For those heading to Phoenix Sky Harbor, the shuttle can drop you at Terminal 3 or Terminal 4, where most major airlines operate." About 70 words. FAQ Q1: "How long does the trip usually take?" + answer ~30 words. FAQ Q2: "What happens if my flight is delayed?" + answer ~30 words. FAQ Q3: "Can I bring oversized luggage or sports equipment?" + answer ~35 words. Paragraph1 words count: Travelers(1) moving2 between3 the4 high5 desert6 of7 Prescott8 and9 the10 expanding11 suburbs12 of13 Queen14 Creek15 cover16 roughly17 10118 miles19 as20 the21 crow22 flies,23 with24 the25 road26 stretching27 a28 few29 miles30 longer31 along32 Interstate33 1734 and35 State36 Route37 69.38 The39 journey40 typically41 takes42 between43 13844 and45 18946 minutes47 door‑to‑door,48 depending49 on50 traffic51 through52 the53 Cordes54 Junction55 area56 and57 the58 climb59 out60 of61 the62 Verde63 Valley.64 Our65 drivers66 follow67 the68 I‑1769 corridor70 north71 to72 the73 SR‑6974 interchange75 at76 Cordes77 Junction,78 then79 continue80 east81 through82 the83 historic84 mining85 town86 of87 Mayer88 before89 descending90 into91 the92 Salt93 River94 Valley95 where96 Queen97 Creek98 sits99 along100 Power101 Road102 and103 the104 San105 Tan106 Mountain107 Regional108 Park109. That's 109 words. Paragraph2: Pick‑up1 points2 in3 Prescott4 include5 the6 downtown7 courthouse8 square,9 the10 Prescott11 Valley12 shopping13 district,14 and15 the16 Prescott17 Municipal18 Airport19 terminal20 for21 passengers22 arriving23 on24 regional25 flights.26 In27 Queen28 Creek29 we30 serve31 the32 residential33 neighborhoods34 around35 Ellsworth36 Road,37 the38 Queen39 Creek40 Marketplace,41 and42 the43 Phoenix‑Mesa44 Gateway45 Airport46 terminal47 for48 travelers49 connecting50 to51 low‑cost52 carriers.53 For54 those55 heading56 to57 Phoenix58 Sky59 Harbor,Travel Options from Prescott to Queen Creek
Travelers looking to move between Prescott, Arizona’s historic mountain town, and Queen Creek, a fast‑growing community in the southeastern Phoenix metropolitan area, have several practical choices. The roughly 115‑mile journey connects two distinct landscapes: the pine‑covered Bradshaw Mountains surrounding Prescott and the Sonoran Desert plains that frame Queen Creek. Understanding the strengths and limitations of each mode helps you select the option that best fits your schedule, comfort preferences, and desire for scenic stops along the way.
Driving Yourself
Driving remains the most flexible way to travel from Prescott to Queen Creek. Begin on Arizona State Route 69 (AZ‑69) heading south from Prescott’s downtown corridor. After approximately 30 miles, AZ‑69 merges with Interstate 17 (I‑17) near the town of Mayer. Continue south on I‑17 for about 55 miles, passing through the Black Canyon City area and the scenic Agua Fria National Monument. Take Exit 202 for Arizona Loop 202 (the Red Mountain Freeway) westbound, then follow signs for Queen Creek via South Ellsworth Road or South Sossaman Road, depending on your final destination. The drive typically requires just under two hours under normal conditions, though travel time can extend during peak commuting hours on I‑17 or during monsoon‑related weather events. Along the route, notable landmarks include the historic mining town of Jerome, accessible via a short detour on AZ‑89A, and the picturesque Horseshoe Ranch area near Mayer.
Rideshare and Taxi Services
Rideshare platforms such as Uber and Lyft operate regularly in Prescott and can arrange trips to Queen Creek, though availability may vary based on driver demand and time of day. The fare estimate for this distance is generally higher than a personal vehicle due to the longer mileage, and travelers should expect the app to provide a time‑based estimate before confirming the ride. Local taxi companies based in Prescott also offer long‑distance charters; contacting them directly allows you to confirm vehicle type, driver experience, and any required advance reservation. Both rideshare and taxi options provide door‑to‑door service without the need to navigate unfamiliar highways, making them attractive for visitors who prefer not to drive or who are traveling with luggage.
Shuttle Services
Several shuttle providers specialize in point‑to‑point transport between Prescott and the Phoenix metropolitan area, with Queen Creek as a common drop‑off point. Services such as Airport Shuttle of Phoenix offer shared‑ride vans that operate on a scheduled basis, picking up passengers from designated locations in Prescott (often near the Prescott Gateway Mall or the Prescott Regional Airport) and delivering them to various Queen Creek neighborhoods or businesses. Private charter shuttles are also available for groups, allowing customization of departure times and vehicle amenities such as Wi‑Fi, climate control, and extra luggage space. Because shuttles consolidate multiple passengers, they often present a more environmentally friendly alternative to single‑occupant vehicles while still offering a comfortable, stress‑free ride.
Public Transportation
Direct public transit between Prescott and Queen Creek is limited. Greyhound lines stop in Prescott, but the nearest Greyhound station to Queen Creek is located in Phoenix, requiring a transfer to a local Valley Metro bus or rideshare for the final leg. Yavapai Regional Transit operates intra‑county routes within Prescott and surrounding communities but does not extend into Maricopa County. Consequently, travelers relying solely on public transportation typically need to combine a Greyhound or Amtrak connection to Phoenix with a subsequent rideshare, taxi, or shuttle to reach Queen Creek. Planning ahead and checking schedules for each leg is essential to avoid unexpected layovers.
Comparison Table: Travel Modes
| Mode | Estimated Travel Time* | Convenience | Typical Amenities |
|---|---|---|---|
| Personal Vehicle | ~1 hour 45 minutes to 2 hours 15 minutes | High – full control over departure time and route | Personal climate control, choice of music, ability to stop at scenic points |
| Rideshare/Taxi | ~2 hours (includes pickup wait) | Medium – door‑to‑door service, no navigation needed | Vehicle varies; often includes climate control and basic comfort |
| Shared Shuttle | ~2 hours 15 minutes to 2 hours 45 minutes (scheduled stops) | Medium – fixed schedule, designated pickup/drop‑off points | Climate control, storage space, occasional Wi‑Fi on newer vans |
| Public Transit (Greyhound + local transfer) | ~3 hours to 4 hours (including transfer wait) | Lower – requires multiple transfers and schedule coordination | Basic seating, restroom on longer Greyhound legs, limited onboard services |
*Travel times are estimates based on typical traffic and weather conditions; actual duration may vary.
Scenic Stops and Points of Interest
If you choose to drive or hire a private shuttle, the Prescott‑to‑Queen Creek corridor offers several worthwhile detours. Just south of Prescott, the historic town of Jerome clings to the mountainside and provides art galleries, cafés, and panoramic views of the Verde Valley. Continuing on I‑17, the exit for Black Canyon City leads to the scenic Black Canyon Highway (AZ‑69) which follows the Agua Fria River and offers opportunities for short hikes or picnics. Near Mayer, the Horseshoe Ranch Recreation Area features a lake stocked for fishing and trails suitable for families. As you approach the Phoenix metro area, the Usery Mountain Regional Park (accessible via the Loop 202) presents desert flora, hiking trails, and a nature center that showcases Sonoran Desert ecosystems. Finally, Queen Creek itself hosts attractions such as Schnepf Farms, known for seasonal festivals and fresh produce, and the Queen Creek Olive Mill, where visitors can tour olive groves and sample locally produced oils.
Weather and Seasonal Considerations
The climate along this route varies significantly with elevation. Prescott, situated at approximately 5,400 feet, experiences cooler temperatures year‑round, with summer highs averaging in the mid‑80s °F and winter lows often dropping below freezing. Snowfall is occasional but generally light. As you descend into the lower desert surrounding Queen Creek, temperatures rise markedly; summer highs frequently exceed 100 °F, while winter days are mild, typically ranging from the mid‑60s to low‑70s °F. Monsoon season (mid‑June through September) can bring sudden thunderstorms, flash flood risks in washes, and reduced visibility on highways, especially in the lower elevations near Phoenix. Checking the National Weather Service forecast for both Prescott and Queen Creek before departure helps you prepare for potential delays and pack appropriate clothing, water, and sun protection.
Tips for a Smooth Trip
- Check real‑time traffic on I‑17 via the Arizona Department of Transportation’s AZ511 system before leaving Prescott; construction or accidents can add significant delay.
- If driving, ensure your vehicle is prepared for elevation change—tire pressure, coolant levels, and brakes should be inspected, especially if traveling during winter months when icy patches may appear on higher grades.
- For rideshare or shuttle bookings, reserve at least 24 hours in advance during peak travel periods (holiday weekends, major events in Phoenix) to guarantee availability.
- Pack a basic emergency kit that includes water, snacks, a flashlight, and a blanket; desert stretches between Black Canyon City and Phoenix have limited services.
- Consider timing your departure to avoid the late‑afternoon rush hour on I‑17 southbound, which typically begins around 3:30 p.m. and can extend past 6:30 p.m.
- If you wish to incorporate a scenic stop, allocate an extra 30‑45 minutes for each detour; Jerome’s steep streets and limited parking may require additional time.
- Stay informed about monsoon warnings; if a flash flood watch is issued for the Agua Fria River corridor, consider delaying travel or using an alternate route via State Route 89A through Prescott Valley.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is the fastest way to get from Prescott to Queen Creek?
- The quickest option is generally driving a personal vehicle or using a rideshare service, which can complete the trip in under two hours when traffic is light. Shared shuttles may add time due to scheduled stops along the route.
- Are there any toll roads on the Prescott to Queen Creek route?
- No toll roads exist on the primary route via AZ‑69, I‑17, and Loop 202. All highways involved are free to use.
- Can I travel between Prescott and Queen Creek using only public transportation?
- Direct public transit does not connect the two cities. You would need to take a Greyhound bus to Phoenix and then arrange a local Valley Metro bus, rideshare, or shuttle for the final leg into Queen Creek.
- What are the main highways I will travel on?
- The journey primarily follows Arizona State Route 69 (AZ‑69) south from Prescott, then merges onto Interstate 17 (I‑17) southbound, and finally transitions onto Arizona Loop 202 (the Red Mountain Freeway) westbound toward Queen Creek.
- Is it safe to drive this route during monsoon season?
- Driving during monsoon season requires caution. Thunderstorms can produce sudden heavy rain, reduced visibility, and flash flood hazards in dry washes, especially near the Agua Fria River. Checking weather updates and avoiding travel during active warnings is advisable.
- Are there any recommended places to stop for food or fuel along the way?
- Yes. The towns of Mayer and Black Canyon City each have gas stations and convenience stores. Further south, the Anthem area offers several fast‑food chains and cafés. In Prescott, downtown Whiskey Row provides numerous dining options before departure, while Queen Creek’s Olive Mill and Schnepf Farms offer unique local fare.
- How much time should I allocate for a trip that includes a scenic stop in Jerome?
- Adding a visit to Jerome typically adds about 45 minutes to an hour to the overall travel time, depending on how long you spend exploring the historic district and any desired photo stops at the Jerome State Historic Park.
Prescott to Queen Creek: The Complete Travel Guide
Traveling from Prescott to Queen Creek connects Arizona's original territorial capital with one of the fastest-growing towns in the Phoenix metropolitan area. Whether you are relocating, visiting family, catching a connecting flight, or planning a day trip, this guide covers every practical detail: the driving route, travel options, timing tips, and what to expect at both ends of the journey.
Prescott sits in the mountains of central Arizona at roughly a mile above sea level — a fact reflected in its longtime nickname, the "Mile High City." Queen Creek, by contrast, sits on the desert floor of the Southeast Valley, just below the San Tan Mountains. That elevation change of several thousand feet means you should expect noticeably different weather at each end of the trip, especially in summer and winter.
How Far Is Prescott from Queen Creek?
The drive from Prescott to Queen Creek is a cross-metro journey of roughly 120 to 130 miles, depending on your exact starting point and destination. As a general estimate, plan on two and a half to three hours behind the wheel under normal traffic conditions. Because the route passes directly through or around the Phoenix metro area, travel time can stretch considerably during rush hour, holiday weekends, or monsoon storms.
It is worth remembering that Prescott and Queen Creek sit on opposite sides of the Valley. This is not a simple point-to-point hop — you will cross the entire northern and eastern Phoenix metropolitan area, so route choice and departure timing matter more than they would on most intercity drives of this length.
The Driving Route: Step by Step
The most common route follows a well-established corridor used daily by commuters, freight drivers, and shuttle services. Here is how it typically breaks down:
1. Prescott to Cordes Junction via AZ-69
From downtown Prescott, you'll travel on Arizona State Route 69, the main highway linking Prescott with the communities of Prescott Valley and Dewey-Humboldt. This stretch winds through the high desert and pine-dotted terrain of Yavapai County. Along the way you'll pass the entrancess to Prescott Valley's entertainment district and the Antelope Hills area before descending toward the interstate.
AZ-69 ends at its junction with Interstate 17 near Cordes Junction, where many travelers grab a last bite of food or a coffee before heading down the hill into the Valley.
2. Cordes Junction to North Phoenix via I-17
Interstate 17 south from Cordes Junction is a scenic, high-speed descent through the Bradshaw Mountain foothills. Watch for the Sunset Point rest area, a popular stopping point with dramatic views over the Agua Fria canyon — a smart leg-stretch stop about halfway into the overall journey. Traffic on I-17 thickens as you approach the Loop 101 interchange in north Phoenix, one of the Valley's busiest hubs.
3. Around the Valley: Loop 101 and Loop 202
Rather than driving through downtown Phoenix, most travelers heading to the Southeast Valley exit I-17 and pick up the Loop 101 (the Agua Fria and Price freeways) heading east, skirting the northern and eastern edges of Scottsdale and Tempe. From there, the Loop 202 (the Santan Freeway) carries you south past Gilbert and into Queen Creek's front door. The Santan section of the 202 is one of the newest and smoothest stretches of freeway in the state.
4. Loop 202 to Queen Creek
As the 202 ends near its junction with Arizona State Route 24 and the Ellsworth area, surface streets take over. Arizona State Route 87 — the Beeline Highway corridor — and local arteries like Ellsworth Road and Power Road carry you the final miles into Queen Creek proper. Landmarks such as Schnepf Farms and the Queen Creek Olive Mill sit a short drive from the freeway's end.
Route Options Compared at a Glance
| Route Option | General Path | Best For | Estimated Drive Time |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary route (I-17 / Loop 101 / Loop 202) | AZ-69 to Cordes Junction, I-17 south, Loop 101 east, Loop 202 south | Most travelers; fastest and most predictable | Approximately 2.5–3 hours |
| Through downtown Phoenix | I-17 all the way to I-10, then US-60 east | Travelers with stops in central Phoenix or Tempe | Similar distance; heavier congestion at peak times |
| Southern scenic option | I-17 to US-60, then AZ-79 through Florence to AZ-87 | Drivers who want to bypass East Valley traffic | Longer; allow extra time |
For nearly everyone, the Loop 101/Loop 202 route is the right choice: it avoids downtown Phoenix entirely and delivers you to the Southeast Valley with the fewest stoplights. The AZ-79 Florence detour is a genuine alternative during major incidents on the East Valley freeways, but it adds meaningful mileage, so treat it as a backup rather than a default.
When to Leave: Timing Your Trip
Because the middle third of this drive cuts through the Phoenix metro, timing is everything:
- Weekday mornings: Phoenix-area inbound traffic peaks roughly from 6:30 to 9:00 a.m. If you leave Prescott early, you can often clear the I-17/Loop 101 interchange before the worst of it.
- Weekday afternoons: Outbound and cross-metro traffic builds from about 3:00 to 6:30 p.m. A midday departure often beats both peaks.
- Weekends: Friday afternoons and Sunday evenings see heavy recreational traffic between the cooler high country and the Valley, especially in summer when Prescott serves as an escape from Phoenix heat, and in winter during snow events on the roads out of Prescott.
- Weather: Winter storms can occasionally dust AZ-69 and I-17 with snow or ice between Prescott and Sunset Point. In late summer, monsoon thunderstorms can bring sudden downpours and dust to both the mountain stretch and the Valley floor. Check conditions with the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) before departing.
Prescott to Queen Creek: Your Transportation Options Compared
| Option | Approximate Time | Best For | Things to Know |
|---|---|---|---|
| Driving yourself | About 2.5–3 hours | Travelers with luggage, pets, or flexible schedules | Full control of stops and timing, but you face Phoenix traffic and mountain winter driving |
| Private shuttle or chauffeured service | About 2.5–3 hours, door to door | Travelers without a car, seniors, groups, airport connections | Door-to-door convenience; a professional driver handles the mountain descent and metro traffic |
| Rideshare (Uber/Lyft) | About 2.5–3 hours | Solo travelers who can find a willing driver | Long-distance rideshare availability out of Prescott can be limited; expect premium long-trip fares |
| Rental car | About 2.5–3 hours | Visitors who want a vehicle at both ends | Availability in Prescott is more limited than at Phoenix Sky Harbor; drop fees may apply for one-way rentals |
| Public transit | Multiple hours plus transfers | Very budget-focused, schedule-flexible travelers | There is no direct transit connection between the two towns; a trip typically requires connections through the Phoenix area with significant waiting time |
Why Many Travelers Choose a Shuttle for This Route
The Prescott–Queen Creek pairing is one of the more awkward origin-and-destination combinations in central Arizona. Prescott has no commercial airport with major service, Queen Creek has no rail station, and no single public transit line links the two. That leaves a long drive across two counties — one that is tiring for visiting relatives, stressful for seniors, and impractical for anyone flying in or out.
A door-to-door shuttle service solves the connection problem: a professional driver who knows the I-17 mountain corridor and the Valley freeway system picks you up in Prescott and delivers you directly to a Queen Creek address, with no rental car counters, no transfers, and no navigation. For travelers coordinating with flights at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport along the way, a scheduled shuttle also removes the guesswork from arrival timing.
Before You Go: Highlights in Prescott
If your schedule allows a little exploration before heading down the hill, Prescott rewards the time. The historic Courthouse Plaza downtown is the heart of the city, ringed by Victorian-era buildings and shaded by enormous American elms. Whiskey Row, on Montezuma Street, preserves the saloon-block character of Arizona's territorial days. Outdoor landmarks like Watson Lake, with its distinctive granite dells boulders, and the Thumb Butte trail area offer quick, memorable walks. The city also hosts the world's oldest rodeo, a tradition dating to the 1880s that remains central to Prescott's identity.
Practical note for drivers: fuel, groceries, and coffee are all easy to find along the AZ-69 corridor through Prescott Valley before you reach the interstate, so top off before the descent.
When You Arrive: Highlights in Queen Creek
Queen Creek blends working farms with master-planned neighborhoods at the base of the San Tan Mountains. Signature stops include:
- Schnepf Farms: A family-run farm that has become a Valley institution for seasonal festivals, peach picking, and agritourism events.
- Queen Creek Olive Mill: Arizona's working olive oil mill, offering tours, tastings, and a popular café.
- San Tan Mountain Regional Park: A Maricopa County park with hiking and mountain biking trails into the Sonoran Desert, minutes from town.
- Downtown Queen Creek and Ellsworth Landing: The growing town core along Ellsworth Road, with dining and shopping serving the community's rapid growth.
Queen Creek's economy and identity remain tied to its agricultural roots even as new rooftops spread across the Southeast Valley — a contrast that makes it a genuinely interesting endpoint after the pines and granite of Prescott.
Frequently Asked Questions: Prescott to Queen Creek
How long does it take to drive from Prescott to Queen Creek?
Estimate roughly two and a half to three hours in normal conditions. The exact time depends on your starting and ending points and, most importantly, on Phoenix-area traffic. Add 30 to 60 minutes for weekday rush hours or busy holiday weekends.
What is the best route from Prescott to Queen Creek?
For most travelers: AZ-69 east to I-17 at Cordes Junction, I-17 south to the Loop 101, Loop 101 east around the north and east Valley, then Loop 202 south to Queen Creek. This route avoids downtown Phoenix and the busiest interchanges.
Is there a bus from Prescott to Queen Creek?
There is no direct public transit route between the two towns. Any transit journey requires multiple connections through the Phoenix metropolitan area and typically adds several hours versus driving. Most travelers without a car use a shuttle, rideshare, or a ride from family or friends.
Is the drive from Prescott to Queen Creek scenic?
Yes. The first stretch from Prescott down I-17 passes through high desert and mountain terrain, including views near Sunset Point. The remainder is classic Valley freeway driving, but the elevation and landscape change dramatically along the way.
Can weather affect the trip?
It can. Winter storms occasionally bring snow or ice to the highway between Prescott and Cordes Junction, and summer monsoon storms can produce heavy rain and blowing dust in the Valley. Check ADOT road conditions before you leave in any season.
Where should I stop halfway between Prescott and Queen Creek?
The Sunset Point rest area on I-17 is the natural midpoint stop with restrooms and views. For food and fuel, Cordes Junction at the AZ-69/I-17 interchange is the last full-service stop before the Valley, and Anthem, just off I-17, offers additional dining options.
Is a shuttle cheaper than driving myself?
Costs vary by provider, group size, vehicle type, and time of booking, so no single answer applies — any figure you see quoted generically should be treated only as an estimate. What a shuttle reliably saves you is the hassle: mountain driving, metro traffic, and parking, all handled by a professional while you ride.
Final Tips for a Smooth Prescott to Queen Creek Trip
Leave Prescott with a full tank of gas, check ADOT conditions in winter and monsoon season, and time your Valley crossing outside rush hour if you can. If you are traveling with family, elderly passengers, or a tight connection, a door-to-door shuttle removes every variable from the equation. And once you arrive in Queen Creek, reward the journey — a stroll at San Tan Mountain Regional Park or a tasting at the olive mill is a fitting finish to a trip that crosses nearly every kind of landscape Arizona has to offer.